The first thing to note about this book is that the earliest manuscripts make no reference to Ephesus in v.1. There are also no personal greetings at the end of this letter. This has led to a consensus among scholars that this was a circulatory letter that went amongst the churches. However, from quite early on in church history, this letter has been very much associated with the church at Ephesus probably because the Ephesian church retained a copy of the letter.